What is a Linux?

Linux is a free and open-source operating system kernel that manages computer hardware and software resources and allows users to interact with the system.

Where is Linux used?

Linux is widely used in servers, personal computers, mobile devices, and cloud systems because it is secure, stable, customizable, and efficient. It supports a command-line interface (CLI) where users can perform tasks by using various Linux commands.

Advantages of Linux

  1. Open Source: Linux is an open-source operating system, which means its source code is freely available. Anyone can view, modify, and distribute the code according to their needs.
  2. Free to Use: Most Linux distributions are completely free to download and use. Users do not need to pay license fees like many other operating systems.
  3. High Security: Linux provides strong security features such as user permissions, file access control, and regular updates. It is less vulnerable to viruses and malware compared to many other operating systems.
  4. Stability and Reliability: Linux systems are very stable and can run for long periods without crashing or requiring frequent restarts, which makes them ideal for servers.
  5. Customizable: Users can customize Linux according to their requirements. They can change the desktop environment, system settings, and even modify the source code.
  6. Supports Multiple Users: Linux supports multiple users at the same time, allowing different users to work on the same system without interfering with each other.

BASIC LINUX COMMANDS

Allows regular users to run programs with the security privileges of the superuser or root:

sudo su

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1. Checking the Current Working Directory

Before starting any operation in Linux, it is important to know where you are in the file system.