整合原書 Table 1.4–1.9,把 Amazon 損益表由 Gross Profit 延伸到 Earnings per Share(EPS)。
Amazon 歷史損益表在 Gross Profit 之後加入 Fulfillment、Technology and Content、Marketing、G&A 等營業費用,再依序扣除 D&A、Net Interest Expense 與稅,最後形成 Net Income 與 EPS。
| US$ millions except EPS | 2018A | 2019A | 2020A |
|---|---|---|---|
| EBITDA | 27,762 | 36,330 | 48,150 |
| D&A | 15,341 | 21,789 | 25,251 |
| Other Income | 183 | (203) | (2,371) |
| Net Interest Expense | 977 | 768 | 1,092 |
| Income Tax Expense | 1,197 | 2,374 | 2,863 |
EBIT = EBITDA − D&A;EBT = EBIT + Other Income − Net Interest Expense;Net Income from Continuing Operations = EBT − Income Tax Expense;Reported Net Income 再反映 non-recurring/equity-method items;EPS = Reported Net Income ÷ Average Common Shares Outstanding。
| 指標 | 2018A | 2019A | 2020A |
|---|---|---|---|
| EBITDA Margin | 11.9% | 13.0% | 12.5% |
| EBIT | 12,421 | 14,541 | 22,899 |
| EBT | 11,261 | 13,976 | 24,178 |
| Net Income from Continuing Operations | 10,064 | 11,602 | 21,315 |
| Net Income as Reported | 10,073 | 11,588 | 21,331 |
| Basic EPS | 20.68 | 23.46 | 42.66 |
| Diluted EPS | 20.15 | 22.99 | 41.83 |
EBITDA、EBIT、EBT 與 Net Income 分別回答不同層級的獲利問題。2020 EBITDA 48,150 到 EBIT 22,899 的差距主要來自 25,251 的 D&A;EBT 又受 Other Income (2,371) 與 Net Interest Expense 1,092 影響。Basic EPS 高於 Diluted EPS,因 diluted share count 較高。
請只使用 2018A–2020A Amazon 的 EBITDA、EBIT、EBT、Net Income 與 EPS 結果,解釋為什麼這些獲利指標不能互換,並指出 2020 從 EBITDA 到 EBIT 的最大調整項。
**問題:**若 2020 營業費用總額降低相當於 Net Sales 的 1%,且其他項目不變,EBITDA 會變成多少?