一、案例定位

依原書 Figure 10-8,把 Revenue、Cash Operating Expenses、D&A、Interest、Tax 串成 January Income Statement,並延伸到全年 totals。

二、學習目標

三、案例情境

Income Statement 與 Cash Flow 放在同一 IS Cash Flow worksheet。January Revenue 與 Expenses 都從前面 worksheets 拉入,不重新輸入。

四、開始資料

January Line 原書公式/結果
Revenue =Revenue!B15 → $7,814
Staff Costs =Expenses!D7 → $5,208
Other Costs =Expenses!D12 → $2,250
D&A =Expenses!D22 → $569
Interest ='Balance Sheet'!$K$3*Assumptions!$B$26/12 → $175
Tax Rate 30%

五、Excel/VBA 分析方法

C9 =SUM(C7:C8);C11 EBITDA =C5-C9;C14 EBIT =C11-C13;C17 EBT =C14-C16;C19 Tax =C17*Assumptions!$B$27;row 20 Net Income =C17-C19。再向右複製 12 個月,O 欄用 =SUM(C5:N5) 等 formulas 做全年 totals。

六、計算結果

January Metric 原書結果
EBITDA $356
EBIT -$214
Interest $175
EBT -$389
Tax/Tax Credit -$117
Net Income -$272
Full-Year Revenue $111,755
Full-Year Net Income $7,791

七、結果分析與管理解讀

January 在 EBITDA 層級仍為正,但 D&A 與 interest 把 EBT 拉成負值。原書仍計算 -$117 tax credit,以便 monthly profit accounting 保持一致;Year 1 全年則累積成 $7,791 net income。

八、AI Prompt

請依 January $7,814 revenue、$5,208 staff、$2,250 other costs、$569 D&A、$175 interest,逐步重建 EBITDA→EBIT→EBT→Tax→Net Income,並解釋 tax credit 的符號。

九、思考/What-if

**問題:**若只看 EBITDA $356,能否說 January 已經有 positive net income?