• Occurs when a player with the ball swings elbows excessively with a defender nearby.
• This is a non-contact violation.
• If contact occurs, it becomes a **personal or flagrant foul**.
• Penalty: Loss of possession and ball awarded to the opposing team.
• Excessive or extreme swinging of elbows occurs when:
  • Arms or elbows swing using the shoulders as pivots
  • The speed of the arms or elbows exceeds the rest of the body
  • The action is forceful enough that injury could result
• If contact occurs, officials must judge whether the act rises to:
  • A common foul
  • A flagrant foul, depending on severity