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NEW GROUP-THEORETIC CLOSURE · 2026-08-19

Canonical Drive monograph: Professor’s Cube Orbit-Kernel Equivalence and Heat-Projection Theorem.

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Orbit decomposition

The 15 orthogonal order-four layer rotations generate exactly 10 disjoint orbits on the 125 sites, with sizes

$$ 8,24,12,24,24,6,8,12,6,1, $$

which sum to 125.

For normalized orbit indicators $v_k=|O_k|^{-1/2}\mathbf1_{O_k}$, define

$$ P_{\mathrm{orbit}}=\sum_{k=1}^{10}v_kv_k^T. $$

Then $P_{\mathrm{orbit}}$ is an orthogonal rank-10 projector.

Twist-Laplacian equivalence

$$ L_{\mathrm{twist}}=\sum_{g=1}^{15}\left[I-\frac12(U_g+U_g^T)\right]\succeq0. $$

Since

$$ x^TL_gx=\frac12\|x-U_gx\|^2, $$

we obtain

$$ \ker L_{\mathrm{twist}}=\bigcap_g\operatorname{Fix}(U_g)=\operatorname{Ran}P_{\mathrm{orbit}}. $$

Hence

$$ 10=\#\text{orbits}=\dim\operatorname{Fix}(G_{\mathrm{Cube}})=\dim\ker L_{\mathrm{twist}}. $$

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